html - How do I layer CSS opacity? -

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i'm attempting create particular hover effect in html list purely css. when hovering, "background" nav element should half opacity "foreground" li should full opacity.

nav {    font-size:2.0em;  }  nav:hover {    background-color: #0000ff;    opacity: 0.5;  }  nav li:hover {    background-color: #ff0000;    opacity: 1.0;  }
<nav>    <ul>      <li>first</li>      <li>second</li>    </ul>  </nav>

unfortunately li hover appears have picked half opacity, though opacity:1.0 has been specified.

why happening , missing?

is want?

nav {    font-size:2.0em;  }  nav:hover {    background-color: rgba(0,0,255,0.5);  }  nav:hover li {    opacity:0.5;  }  nav li:hover {    background-color: #ff0000;    opacity: 1.0;  }
<nav>    <ul>      <li>first</li>      <li>second</li>    </ul>  </nav>

edit

about "why" part:

according mdn:

the value applies element whole, including contents, though value not inherited child elements. thus, element , contained children have same opacity relative element's background, if element , children have different opacities relative 1 another.

and

computed value: specified value, clipped in range [0,1]

so if set opacity:0.5 <nav>, of child share same opacity "base". , since opacity can in range [0,1], <li>s inside <nav> can not have more practical opacity 0.5.

using rgba sets background color of <nav>, , nav:hover li{opacity:0.5} applies transparency each <li> itself, making possible target specific li:hover different opacity.


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